%0 Journal Article
%T Professional activity of women at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries in Galicia
%A Sozańska, Dominika
%J Homo et Societas
%V 2022
%R 10.4467/25436104HS.22.010.17353
%N Issue 7/2022
%P 80-91
%K women’s work, social policy in the 19th and 20th centuries, domestic servants, Kraków
%@ 2543-6104
%D 2023
%U https://ejournals.eu/en/journal/homo-et-societas/article/aktywnosc-zawodowa-kobiet-na-przelomie-xix-i-xx-wieku-w-galicji
%X The aim of this article is to characterize the professional situation of women in Kraków and Galicia at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. It discusses data from censuses, data on women’s employment, issues of women’s education in Galicia and particular professions: teachers, domestic servants, workers and services. Work was a necessity, not the fulfillment of one’s own interests or ambitions, unmarried women worked more often, getting married meant giving up professional work. Working conditions for domestic servants were very hard, and wages were lower in industry.