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Perceptions of Death in the Writings of Josef Zelkowicz

Publication date: 06.11.2025

Studia Judaica, 2025, Issue 1 (55), pp. 97-114

https://doi.org/10.4467/24500100STJ.25.004.22003

Authors

Yaron Nir-Freisager
Tel Hai Academic College
, Israel
https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8876-9403 Orcid
Contact with author
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Titles

Perceptions of Death in the Writings of Josef Zelkowicz

Abstract

This article examines how writers in the Łódź (Litzmannstadt) ghetto perceived life, or, more precisely, death, focusing on Josef Zelkowicz, a prominent Łódź intellectual. The scope of the writings he penned during the interwar period and later while working in the Łódź ghetto archive allows us to examine the concept of “continuity.” Despite the substantial differences between the two periods, lines of continuity are evident and their very existence, even in the sharp transition to the extreme reality of the ghetto, testifies to the great power of the patterns formed before the war.

Information

The article is based on a chapter from my book, Days of Dread: Josef Zelkowicz and the Circle of Intellectuals in the Łódź Ghetto (Jerusalem, 2024) (Hebrew).

References

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Archival sources

The Archive of Jewish Historical Institute in Warsaw [ŻIH]: 205\349, 205\350, 205/602, RG-302/111.

Archive of the Ghetto Fighters’ House [GFH], Central Record Section, 70; 12.575 [Oskar Singer].

Yad Vashem Archives [YVA]: O-34, 607; 241-895; 241-900; 4683723 [“Prisoner’s Certificates” from the Łódź Ghetto]; JM-1157 [Days of Dread].

Printed primary sources

Ben Menachem, Arie; Varav, Josef (eds.), Ha-khronika shel getto lodz [Chronicle of the Łódź Ghetto] (Jerusalem, 1987).

Encyklopedia getta. Niedokończony projekt archiwistów z getta łódzkiego, ed. by Adam Sitarek, Ewa Wiatr et al. (Łódź, 2014).

Frank, Shlomo, Togbuch fun Lodzer ghetto [Diary from the Łódź Ghetto] (Tel Aviv, 1958).

Polit, Monika (ed.), Notatki z getta łódzkiego 1941–1944 [Notes from the Łódź Ghetto 1941–1944] (Łódź, 2016).

Rosenfeld, Oskar, In the Beginning Was the Ghetto: Notebooks from Łódź – Oskar Rosenfeld, ed. by Hanno Loewy, trans. Brigitte Goldstein (Evanston, 2002).

Rozenfarb, Chava, “Simcha Bunim Shayewicz (Dermonungen) [References],”Di Goldene Kayt 131 (1991).

Trunk, Yehiel Yeshaya, Poyln: Zikhroynes un bilder [Poland: Memories and Pictures] (New York, 1949).

Unger, Michal (ed.), Josef Zelkowicz: Bayamim ha-nora’im ha-haem. Reshimot me-geto Lodz [Josef Zelkowicz: In Those Terrible Days. Notes from the Łódź Ghetto] (Jerusalem, 1994).

Press

Lodzsher Arbeter 1928–1930.

Lodzsher Visnshaftlekhe Shriftn 1938.

Nayer Folksblat 1927–1928, 1933–1934.

Secondary sources

Burke, Deirdre, “Attitudes toward Death during the Holocaust: Writings from the Ghettos,” in Eric J. Sterling (ed.), Life in the Ghettos during the Holocaust (Syracuse, 2005).

Goldberg, Amos, Trauma in First Person: Diary Writing during the Holocaust (Indiana, 2017).

Löw, Andrea, Juden im Getto Litzmannstadt (Göttingen, 2006).

Nir-Freisager, Yaron, Days of Dread: Josef Zelkowicz and the Circle of Intellectuals in the Łódź Ghetto (Jerusalem, 2024) (Hebrew).

Polit, Monika, Piszący te słowa jest pracownikiem gettowej instytucji…: “Z dziennika” i inne pisma z łódzkiego getta (Warsaw, 2019).

Trunk, Isaiah, Łódź Ghetto: A History (Bloomington, 2006).

Unger, Michal, Lodz, aḥaron ha-geta’ot be-Polin [Łódź, the Last Ghetto in Poland] (Jerusalem, 2005).

Information

Information: Studia Judaica, 2025, Issue 1 (55), pp. 97-114

Article type: Original scientific article

Titles:

English: Perceptions of Death in the Writings of Josef Zelkowicz

Authors

https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8876-9403

Yaron Nir-Freisager
Tel Hai Academic College
, Israel
https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8876-9403 Orcid
Contact with author
All publications →

Tel Hai Academic College
Israel

Published at: 06.11.2025

Article status: Open

Licence: CC BY 4.0  licence icon

Percentage share of authors:

Yaron Nir-Freisager (Author) - 100%

Article corrections:

-

Publication languages:

English

View count: 581

Number of downloads: 398

Perceptions of Death in the Writings of Josef Zelkowicz

Perceptions of Death in the Writings of Josef Zelkowicz

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