<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xml:lang="en"
    xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"
    xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
    <processing-meta tagset-family="jats" base-tagset="publishing" mathml-version="2.0" table-model="xhtml"/>
    <front>
                        
                        <journal-meta>
            <issn>1425-6851</issn>
                                </journal-meta>
        <article-meta>
            <title-group>
                                    <article-title>Sex Education and Translation of Books for Children and Young Adults – Ideologies,  Characteristics, Controversies</article-title>
                            </title-group>

                        <contrib-group>
                                                            <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
                            <name>
                                <surname>Paprocka</surname>
                                <given-names>Natalia</given-names>
                            </name>
                            <role>author</role>
                                                                                                                                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
                                                                                        <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor-1"/>
                        </contrib>
                                            <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
                            <name>
                                <surname>Wandel</surname>
                                <given-names>Agnieszka</given-names>
                            </name>
                            <role>author</role>
                                                                                                                                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
                                                                                        <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor-2"/>
                        </contrib>
                                            <contrib contrib-type="translator" corresp="no">
                            <name>
                                <surname>Chantry</surname>
                                <given-names>Xavier</given-names>
                            </name>
                            <role>translator</role>
                                                        <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor-3"/>
                        </contrib>
                                                </contrib-group>

                                                                                        <aff id="aff-1">
                    <institution-wrap>
                        <institution>Uniwersytet Wrocławski, Polska, plac Uniwersytecki 1,  50-137 Wrocław</institution>
                                            </institution-wrap>
                </aff>
                                                                        
            <author-notes>
                                    <corresp id="cor-1">Correspondence to: Natalia Paprocka <email>natalia.paprocka@uwr.edu.pl</email></corresp>
                                    <corresp id="cor-2">Correspondence to: Agnieszka Wandel <email>agnieszka.wandel@uwr.edu.pl</email></corresp>
                                    <corresp id="cor-3">Correspondence to: Xavier Chantry <email></email></corresp>
                            </author-notes>

                            <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic" iso-8601-date="2022-12-30">
                    <day>30</day>
                    <month>12</month>
                    <year>2022</year>
                </pub-date>
            
            <volume>Special Issue 2022 – Translating Genre Literature</volume>
            <issue>Numery anglojęzyczne</issue>
                        <fpage>117</fpage>
                                    <lpage>143</lpage>
            
            <permissions>
                <copyright-statement>Copyright &#x00A9; 2022</copyright-statement>
                                    <copyright-year>2022</copyright-year>
                            </permissions>

            <funding-group specific-use="Crossref">
                <funding-statement>Open access for this publication has been supported by a grant from the Priority Research Area Heritage under the Strategic Programme Excellence Initiative at Jagiellonian University.</funding-statement>
            </funding-group>
        </article-meta>
    </front>
    <body>
        &lt;p&gt;This article discusses sex education books for children and young adults published in Poland between 1945 and 2018. After defining the ideological profile of 111 examined publications as either conservative, moderately conservative, neutral, moderately liberal or liberal, the authors compare the whole set of translated books (translations) with the whole set of books by Polish authors (non-translations), taking into account the date of publication and the age of the intended reader. The analysis shows that translations differ from texts written originally in Polish, because they promote other values. Polish books, especially those published before 1989, are usually neutral or moderately conservative, while translations mostly propagate moderately liberal or liberal ideologies. There is also a close correlation between those ideological categories and the age of the reader: books for the youngest audience are ideologically charged to only a small degree, and the ideological content increases with the age of the reader. This seems to be related to the larger number of translations in the older age groups. Translations, which usually reflect a liberal ideology, fill a gap in Polish culture by complementing or replacing the conservative sex education available in Polish schools, and by encouraging Polish authors to write sex education books expressing similar views.&lt;/p&gt;
    </body>
    <back>
                    <ref-list>
                                                                                <ref id="B1">
                            <label>1</label>
                            <article-title>Bajorek A. 2013. „Skąd się biorą dzieci?” Małe studium edukacji seksualnej we współczesnej literaturze dla najmłodszych, „Guliwer” 1, pp. 27–34.</article-title>
                        </ref>
                                                                                                    <ref id="B2">
                            <label>2</label>
                            <article-title>Bassnett S., Lefevere A. (eds.). 1990. Translation, History and Culture, London: Pinter. Baumgarten S. 2011. Ideology and translation, in: Y. Gambier, L. van Doorslaer (eds.), Handbook of Translation Studies, vol. 3, Amsterdam–Philadelphia: John Benjamins, pp. 59–65.</article-title>
                        </ref>
                                                                                                    <ref id="B3">
                            <label>3</label>
                            <article-title>Boczar E. 2010. Bibliografia literatury dla dzieci i młodzieży. Wiek XIX. Literatura polska i przekłady, Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego.</article-title>
                        </ref>
                                                                                                    <ref id="B4">
                            <label>4</label>
                            <article-title>Cackowska M. 2010. Polityczne konstruowanie dziecięcej wyobraźni – czyli jaka może być edukacja seksualna w książkach obrazkowych dla dzieci, „Ryms” 9, pp. 2–7.</article-title>
                        </ref>
                                                                                                    <ref id="B5">
                            <label>5</label>
                            <article-title>Cackowska M. 2011. Książka obrazkowa o edukacji seksualnej dla dzieci jako medium kulturowe i polityczne, „Forum Oświatowe” 2 (45), pp. 93–110.</article-title>
                        </ref>
                                                                                                    <ref id="B6">
                            <label>6</label>
                            <article-title>Cackowska M. 2016. Tu zaszła zmiana…: o genderowych odsłonach książek dla dzieci w Polsce ostatniej dekady, in: I. Chmura-Rutkowska et al. (eds.), Gender w podręcznikach: projekt badawczy, raport, t. 1, O projekcie, metodologia badań, wprowadzenie teoretyczne, Warszawa: Fundacja Feminoteka, pp. 211–224.</article-title>
                        </ref>
                                                                                                    <ref id="B7">
                            <label>7</label>
                            <article-title>Even-Zohar I. 1978. The Position of Translated Literature within the Literary Polysystem, in: J. Holmes, J. Lambert, R. van den Broeck (eds.), Literature and Translation. New Perspectives in Literary Studies, Leuven: Acco, pp. 117–127. Polski przekład: I. Even-Zohar. 2009. Miejsce literatury tłumaczonej w polisystemie literackim, trans. M. Heydel, in: M. Heydel, P. Bukowski (eds.), Współczesne teorie przekładu. Antologia, Kraków: Znak, pp. 197–203.</article-title>
                        </ref>
                                                                                                    <ref id="B8">
                            <label>8</label>
                            <article-title>Even-Zohar I. 1997. The Making of Culture Repertoire and the Role of Transfer, „Target” 9 (2), pp. 355–363.</article-title>
                        </ref>
                                                                                                    <ref id="B9">
                            <label>9</label>
                            <article-title>Fawcett P. 2004. Ideology and Translation, in: M. Baker (ed.), Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies, Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, p. 106–111.</article-title>
                        </ref>
                                                                                                    <ref id="B10">
                            <label>10</label>
                            <article-title>Gajownik S. 2012. O szkodliwości książek trywialnych, in: K. Heska-Kwaśniewicz, S. Gajownik (eds.), Młody odbiorca w kręgu lektur pożytecznych i szkodliwych, Katowice: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego, pp. 155–166.</article-title>
                        </ref>
                                                                                                    <ref id="B11">
                            <label>11</label>
                            <article-title>Hermans T. 1985. The Manipulation of Literature: Studies in Literary Translation, London: Croom Helm.</article-title>
                        </ref>
                                                                                                    <ref id="B12">
                            <label>12</label>
                            <article-title>Heydel M. 2009. Zwrot kulturowy w badaniach nad przekładem, „Teksty Drugie” 6, pp. 21–33.</article-title>
                        </ref>
                                                                                                    <ref id="B13">
                            <label>13</label>
                            <article-title>Izdebski Z. 2003. Edukacja seksualna, in: E. Różycka (ed.), Encyklopedia pedagogiczna XXI wieku, t. 1, Warszawa: Żak, p. 977.</article-title>
                        </ref>
                                                                                                    <ref id="B14">
                            <label>14</label>
                            <article-title>Kondek S.A. 2010. Zagadnienia wydawnicze i księgarskie. Skrypt, Warszawa: Wydawnictwo SBP.</article-title>
                        </ref>
                                                                                                    <ref id="B15">
                            <label>15</label>
                            <article-title>Kościańska A. 2017. Zobaczyć łosia. Historia polskiej edukacji seksualnej od pierwszej lekcji do internetu, Wołowiec: Czarne.</article-title>
                        </ref>
                                                                                                    <ref id="B16">
                            <label>16</label>
                            <article-title>Kucharska B. 2016. Edukacja seksualna dzieci w wieku przedszkolnym i wczesnoszkolnym – rozważania w kontekście najnowszej literatury dla najmłodszych czytelników, „Scientific Bulletin of Chełm – Section of Pedagogy” 1, pp. 59–74.</article-title>
                        </ref>
                                                                                                    <ref id="B17">
                            <label>17</label>
                            <article-title>Lederer M. 2016. Préface in: A. Guillaume (ed.), Idéologie et traductologie, Paris: L’Harmattan, pp. 11–15.</article-title>
                        </ref>
                                                                                                    <ref id="B18">
                            <label>18</label>
                            <article-title>Lefevere A. 1985. „Why Waste Our Time on Rewrites?” The Trouble with Interpretation and the Role of Rewriting in an Alternative Paradigm in: T. Hermans (ed.), The Manipulation of Literature: Studies in Literary Translation, London: Croom Helm, pp. 215–243.</article-title>
                        </ref>
                                                                                                    <ref id="B19">
                            <label>19</label>
                            <article-title>Lefevere A.1992. Translation, Rewriting, and the Manipulation of Literary Fame, New York–London: Routledge.</article-title>
                        </ref>
                                                                                                    <ref id="B20">
                            <label>20</label>
                            <article-title>Łasiewicka A., Neubert F. et al. (eds.). 1963. Bibliografia literatury dla dzieci 1945–1960, t. 1–2, Warszawa: SBP.</article-title>
                        </ref>
                                                                                                    <ref id="B21">
                            <label>21</label>
                            <article-title>Mason I. 2010. Discourse, Ideology, and Translation in: M. Baker (ed.), Critical Readings in Translation Studies, London–New York: Routledge, pp. 83–95.</article-title>
                        </ref>
                                                                                                    <ref id="B22">
                            <label>22</label>
                            <article-title>Paprocka N., Wandel A. (in preparation). La vulgarisation du savoir sur la sexualité dans les livres de jeunesse en Pologne: traductions, idéologies et controverses in: E. Monti, M. Della Casa, T. Musinova (eds.), Traduire la littérature grand public et la vulgarisation, Paris: Orizons.</article-title>
                        </ref>
                                                                                                    <ref id="B23">
                            <label>23</label>
                            <article-title>Seksuologia staropolska i współczesna. 1996. in: Z. Cendrowski, M. Trawińska (eds.), Popularny słownik wychowania prorodzinnego i seksualnego, Warszawa: Promo-Lider, p. 247.</article-title>
                        </ref>
                                                                                                    <ref id="B24">
                            <label>24</label>
                            <article-title>Strowe A. 2013. Power and Translation in: Y. Gambier, L. van Doorslaer (eds.), Handbook of Translation Studies, vol. 4, Amsterdam–Philadelphia: John Benjamins, pp. 134–141.</article-title>
                        </ref>
                                                                                                    <ref id="B25">
                            <label>25</label>
                            <article-title>Toury G. 1995. Descriptive Translation Studies and Beyond, Amsterdam–Philadelphia: John Benjamins.</article-title>
                        </ref>
                                                                                                    <ref id="B26">
                            <label>26</label>
                            <article-title>Tymoczko M., Gentzler E. 2002. Translation and Power, Amherst–Boston: University of Massachusetts Press.</article-title>
                        </ref>
                                                                                                    <ref id="B27">
                            <label>27</label>
                            <article-title>Tymoczko M. 2003. Translation, Ideology, and Creativity, „Linguistica Antwerpiensia: New Series – Themes in Translation Studies” 2, pp. 27–45.</article-title>
                        </ref>
                                                                                                    <ref id="B28">
                            <label>28</label>
                            <article-title>Venuti L. 1995. The Translators Invisibility. A History of Translation, London–New York: Routledge.</article-title>
                        </ref>
                                                                                                    <ref id="B29">
                            <label>29</label>
                            <article-title>Wejbert-Wąsiewicz E., Pęczkowska E. 2009. Problemy edukacji seksualnej w Polsce, „Przegląd Socjologiczny” 3, pp. 181–184.</article-title>
                        </ref>
                                                </ref-list>
            </back>
</article>
