FAQ
Logo Agencji Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego (ABW), Polska

Securing conferences, events, ceremonies and other events, including in the context of terrorist threats. A statutory perspective

Data publikacji: 13.03.2023

Terroryzm – studia, analizy, prewencja, 2023, Numer 3 (3), s. 278 - 326

https://doi.org/10.4467/27204383TER.23.009.17449

Autorzy

Mariusz Cichomski
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3707-7856 Orcid
Wszystkie publikacje autora →

Tytuły

Securing conferences, events, ceremonies and other events, including in the context of terrorist threats. A statutory perspective

Abstrakt

In the current legal status, during the organisation in Poland of conferences, events, ceremonies or other events, significant due to their scale or rank, especially those of international character, security activities are carried out on the basis of general provisions - primarily pragmatic acts of services and other institutions carrying out these activities or episodic acts. Polish legislation, however, has not introduced regulations permanently defining detailed principles of conduct and the subject and object scope of responsibility for the preparation and security of such events, unless they are qualified as mass events. This article is an attempt to provide a comprehensive overview of the specific legal instruments used in the case of securing this type of events. Based on the analysis carried out, de lege ferenda conclusions have been formulated, including the introduction of a new legal institution permanently into the Polish legal order, referred to for the purposes of this article as a ‘special event’. As a result of granting a given event or celebration the status of a special event, it would be possible to apply legal instruments hitherto found only in episodic acts, but which are of significant importance from the perspective of ensuring a security standard adequate to the threat.

Bibliografia

Bibliography

Cichomski M., Idzikowska-Ślęzak I., Stopnie alarmowe – praktyczny i prawny wymiar ich stosowania (Eng. Alert levels - practical and legal dimensions of their use), in: “Terroryzm - studia, analizy, prewencja” 2022, no. 2, pp. 31–70.

Opaliński B., Rozdzielenie kompetencji władzy wykonawczej między Prezydenta RP oraz Radę Ministrów na tle Konstytucji Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z 1997 roku (Eng. Division of executive powers between the President of the Republic of Poland and the Council of Ministers against the background of the 1997 Constitution of the Republic of Poland), Lex 2012.

Soloch P., Pietrzak P., Szczyt NATO w Warszawie: uwarunkowania, rezultaty, wnioski dla Polski (Eng. NATO Warsaw Summit: conditions, outcomes, lessons for Poland), “Bezpieczeństwo Narodowe” 2016, no. 37–40, pp. 13–33.

Struniawski J., Planowanie operacji policyjnych z wykorzystaniem komponentu antyterrorystycznego (Eng. Planning police operations with an anti-terrorist component), in: W. Zubrzycki, K. Jałoszyński, A. Babiński, Polska ustawa antyterrorystyczna – odpowiedź na zagrożenia współczesnym terroryzmem (Eng. Polish Act on anti-terrorist activities - a response to the threat of modern terrorism), Szczytno 2016.

Explanatory Memorandum to the Draft Regulation of the Minister of Interior and Administration on the temporary reintroduction of border control of persons crossing the state border constituting an internal border, https://legislacja.rcl.gov.pl/projekt/12315506 [accessed: 1 X 2022].

Explanatory Memorandum to the Draft Regulation of the Minister of Interior and Administration on the temporary reintroduction of border control of persons crossing the state border constituting an internal border, https://legislacja.rcl.gov.pl/projekt/12320762/katalog/12567618#12567618 [accessed: 1 X 2022].

Explanatory Memorandum to the Government draft Act on special solutions related to the organisation of the session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in the Republic of Poland, Print No. 2120, https://www.sejm.gov.pl/Sejm8.nsf/druk.xsp?nr=2120 [accessed: 1 X 2022].

Explanatory Memorandum to the Government draft Act on special solutions connected with the organisation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation Summit in the Republic of Poland in Warsaw in 2016, Print No. 314, https://www.sejm.gov.pl/Sejm8.nsf/druk.xsp?nr=314 [accessed: 1 X 2022].

Explanatory Memorandum to the Government draft Act on special solutions related to the organisation of the visit of His Holiness Pope Francis to the Republic of Poland and World Youth Day - Kraków 2016, Print No. 332, https://www.sejm.gov.pl/Sejm8.nsf/druk.xsp?nr=332 [accessed: 1 X 2022].

Wronkowska S., Zieliński M., Komentarz do zasad techniki prawodawczej (Eng. commentary on the principles of legislative technique), Warszawa 2021.

Internet sources 

Działania Biura Ochrony Rządu w kontekście zabezpieczenia Szczytu NATO i ŚDM (Eng. Activities of the Government Protection Bureau in the context of securing the NATO Summit and the WYD), “Kwartalnik Policyjny” 2016, no. 4, https://kwartalnik.csp.edu.pl/kp/archiwum-1/2016/nr-42016/3312,Dzialania-Biura-Ochrony-Rzadu-w-kontekscie-zabezpieczenia-Szczytu-NATO-i-SDM.html [accessed: 1 X 2022].

Hac P., Formalne podstawy współdziałania Sił Zbrojnych RP z Policją w zakresie zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa i porządku prawnego (Eng. Formal basis for cooperation between the Polish Armed Forces and the Police in ensuring security and law and order), “Kwartalnik Policyjny” 2017, no. 1, https://kwartalnik.csp.edu.pl/kp/archiwum-1/2017/nr-12017/3456,Formalne-podstawy-wspoldzialania-Sil-Zbrojnych-RP-z-Policja-w-zakresie-zapewnien.html [accessed: 1 X 2022].

http://www.mkidn.gov.pl/pages/posts/41.-sesja-komitetu-swiatowego-dziedzictwaunesco-w-krakowie-7463.php [accessed: 1 X 2022].

https://www.gov.pl/web/dyplomacja/oswiadczenie-wspolprzewodniczacych-po-spotkaniu-ministerialnym-poswieconym-budowaniu-pokoju-i-bezpieczenstwa-na-bliskim-wschodzie [accessed: 1 X 2022].

https://www.gov.pl/web/dyplomacja/spotkanie-ministerialne-poswiecone-budowaniu-pokoju-i-bezpieczenstwa-na-bliskim-wschodzie-program-medialny [accessed: 1 X 2022].

https://www.gov.pl/web/dyplomacja/trojmorze [accessed: 1 X 2022].

https://www.gov.pl/web/klimat/szczyt-klimatyczny-w-katowicach-uroczyscie-rozpoczety [accessed: 1 X 2022].

https://www.gov.pl/web/mswia/dotychczas-wprowadzane-stopnie-alarmowe-i-stopnie-alarmowe-crp-na-terytorium-rp [accessed: 1 X 2022].

https://www.gov.pl/web/republikakorei/xvi-swiatowy-szczyt-cyfrowy-onz--forum-zarzadzania-internetem-w-katowicach-igf-2021 [accessed: 1 X 2022].

https://www.policja.pl/pol/aktualnosci/167686,Policyjne-podsumowanie-zabezpieczenia-COP24.html [accessed: 1 X 2022].

https://www.prezydent.pl/aktualnosci/wydarzenia/obchody-80-rocznicy-wybuchu-ii-wojny-swiatowej,1480 [accessed: 1 X 2022].

https://www.prezydent.pl/kancelaria/aktywnosc-ministrow/konferencja-bliskowschodnia-najwazniejszym-wydarzeniem-w-warszawie-od-czasu-szczytu-nato-,11087 [accessed: 1 X 2022].

Zadania Centralnego Biura Śledczego Policji w zabezpieczeniu Szczytu NATO i ŚDM (Eng. Tasks of the Central Bureau of Investigation of the Police in securing the NATO Summit and the WYD), “Kwartalnik Policyjny” 2016, no. 4, https://kwartalnik.csp.edu.pl/kp/archiwum-1/2016/nr-42016/3314,Zadania-Centralnego-Biura-Sledczego-Policji-w-zabezpieczeniu-Szczytu-NATO-i-SDM.html [accessed: 1 X 2022].

Legal acts

Constitution of the Republic of Poland of 2 April 1997 (Journal of Laws of 1997, no. 78, item 483, as amended).

Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Poland and the United Nations concerning preparations for the Eleventh Session of the World Urban Forum in 2022 in Katowice, signed in Nairobi on 17 November 2021 and in Warsaw on 24 November 2021 (M.P. of 2022, item 131).

Host Country Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Poland and the United Nations concerning the Eleventh Session of the World Urban Forum in 2022 in Katowice, signed in Nairobi on 17 November 2021 and in Warsaw on 24 November 2021 (M.P. of 2022, item 129).

Regulation (EU) 2016/399 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 2016 on a Union Code on the rules governing the movement of persons across borders (Schengen Borders Code) - (Official Journal of the EU L 77/1 of 23 III 2016).

Directive (EU) 2016/680 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data by competent authorities for the purposes of prevention, investigation, detection and prosecution of criminal offences and the execution of criminal penalties, on the free movement of such data and repealing Council Framework Decision 2008/977/JHA (Official Journal of the EU L 119/89 of 4 V 2016).

Act of 11 March 2022 on the defence of the Homeland (Journal of Laws of 2022, item 2305).

Act of 2 December 2021 on the support for the preparation of the Third European Games in 2023 (Journal of Laws of 2022, item 1550).

Act of 24 June 2021 on special solutions related to the organisation of the 11th session of the World Urban Forum in Katowice in 2022 (Journal of Laws of 2021, item 1460, as amended).

Act of 14 December 2018 on the protection of personal data processed in connection with the prevention and combating of crime (Journal of Laws of 2019, item 125, as amended).

Act of 10 January 2018 on special solutions related to the organisation in the Republic of Poland of the session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (Journal of Laws of of 2018, item 2223, as amended).

Act of 8 December 2017 on the State Protection Service (Journal of Laws of 2021, item 575, as amended).

Act of 19 June 2016 on anti-terrorist activities (Journal of Laws of 2022, item 2632).

Act of 18 March 2016 on special solutions related to the organisation of the visit of His Holiness Pope Francis to the Republic of Poland and World Youth Day - Kraków 2016 (Journal of Laws of 2017, item 685).

Act of 16 March 2016 on special arrangements related to the organisation of the 2016 North Atlantic Treaty Organisation Summit in the Republic of Poland in Warsaw (Journal of Laws of 2016, item 379,as amended).

Act of 24 July 2015 - Law on assemblies (Journal of Laws of 2022, item 1389).

Act of 5 August 2010 on the protection of classified information (Journal of Laws of 2019, item 742, as amended).

Act of 20 March 2009 on the security of mass events (Journal of Laws of 2022, item 1466, as amended).

Act of 16 March 2001 on the Government Protection Bureau (Journal of Laws of 2017, item 985, as amended).

Act of 21 May 1999 on arms and ammunition (Journal of Laws of 2022, item 2516).

Act of 20 June 1997 - Traffic Law (Journal of Laws of 2022, item 988, as amended).

Act of 8 August 1996 on the Council of Ministers (Journal of Laws of 2022, item 1188).

Act of 12 October 1990 on the protection of the state border (Journal of Laws of 2022, item 295).

Act of 12 October 1990 on the Border Guard (Journal of Laws of 2022, item 1061, as amended).

Act of 6 April 1990 on the Police (Journal of Laws of 2021, item 1882, as amended).

Act of 31 July 1981 on the remuneration of holding executive state positions (Journal of Laws of 2022, item 1215, as amended).

Resolution of the Council of Ministers on binding the Republic of Poland to the Host Country Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Poland and the United Nations on the organisation of the Internet Governance Forum 2021, by signing (unpublished).

Ordinance of the Minister of Internal Affairs and Administration of 20 August 2019 on the introduction of a temporary ban on carrying weapons and moving them in an unloaded state (Journal of Laws of 2019, item 1592).

Ordinance of the Minister of Internal Affairs and Administration of 5 February 2019 on the introduction of a temporary ban on carrying weapons and moving them in an unloaded state (Journal of Laws of 2019, item 233).

Ordinance of the Minister of Internal Affairs and Administration of 18 October 2018 on the reintroduction of temporary border control of persons crossing the state border constituting an internal border (Journal of Laws of 2018, item 2058).

Ordinance of the Minister of Internal Affairs and Administration of 11 October 2018 on the introduction of a temporary ban on carrying weapons and moving them in an unloaded state (Journal of Laws of 2018, item 1981).

Ordinance of the Minister of Internal Affairs and Administration of 28 June 2017 on the introduction of a temporary ban on carrying weapons and moving them in an unloaded state (Journal of Laws of 2017, item 1289).

Ordinance of the Minister of Internal Affairs and Administration of 1 June 2016 on the reintroduction of temporary border control of persons crossing the state border constituting an internal border (Journal of Laws of 2016, item 840).

Ordinance of the Minister of the Interior and Administration of 20 May 2016 on the introduction of a temporary ban on carrying weapons and moving them in an unloaded state (Journal of Laws of 2016, item 715).

Order No. 143 of the Prime Minister of 28 August 2019 on the use of soldiers of the Military Police to provide assistance to the Police (M.P. of 2019, item 777).

Order No. 17 of the Minister of Internal Affairs and Administration of 23 August 2019 on the use of Police and Border Guard officers to provide assistance to the State Protection Service (Official Journal of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Administration of 2019, item 30).

Order No. 4 of the Minister of Internal Affairs and Administration of 7 February 2019 on the use of Border Guard officers to provide assistance to the State Protection Service (Official Journal of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Administration of 2019, item 4).

Order No. 142 of the Prime Minister of 28 August 2019 on the use of soldiers of the Military Police to provide assistance to the State Protection Service (M.P. of 2019, item 776).

Order No. 220 of the Prime Minister of 29 November 2018 on the use of soldiers of the Military Police to provide assistance to the State Protection Service (M.P. of 2018, item 1165).

Order No. 211 of the Prime Minister of 20 November 2018 on the use of soldiers of the Military Police to provide assistance to the Police (M.P. of 2018, item 1160).

Order No. 20 of the Minister of Internal Affairs and Administration of 21 May 2018 on the use of Border Guard officers to provide assistance to the State Protection Service (Official Journal of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Administration of 2018, item 32).

Order No. 51 of the Prime Minister of 29 June 2017 on the use of soldiers of the Military Police to provide assistance to the Police (M.P. of 2017, item 651).

Order No. 98 of the Prime Minister of 21 July 2016 on the use of soldiers of the Military Police to provide assistance to the Police (M.P. of 2016, item 708).

Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Poland and the Secretariat of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement on the twenty-fourth session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the fourteenth session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the Meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol, the third part of the first session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the Meeting of the Parties to the Paris Agreement and the sessions of subsidiary bodies signed in Warsaw on 31 October 2018. (M.P. of 2019, item 36).

Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Poland and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) concerning the 41st Session of the World Heritage Committee, signed in Paris on 19 April 2017 (M.P. of 2017, item 580).

Order of the President of the Republic of Poland of 28 November 2018 on the use of branches and subdivisions of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland to provide assistance to branches and subdivisions of the Police (M.P. of 2018, item 1167).

Order of the President of the Republic of Poland of 7 July 2016 on the use of branches and subdivisions of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland to provide assistance to branches and subdivisions of the Police (M.P. of 2016, item 626).

Order of the President of the Republic of Poland of 5 July 2016 on the use of branches and subdivisions of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland to provide assistance to branches and subdivisions of the Police (M.P. of 2016, item 623).

Informacje

Informacje: Terroryzm – studia, analizy, prewencja, 2023, Numer 3 (3), s. 278 - 326

Typ artykułu: Oryginalny artykuł naukowy

Tytuły:

Polski:

Securing conferences, events, ceremonies and other events, including in the context of terrorist threats. A statutory perspective

Angielski:
Securing conferences, events, ceremonies and other events, including in the context of terrorist threats. A statutory perspective

Publikacja: 13.03.2023

Status artykułu: Otwarte __T_UNLOCK

Licencja: CC-BY-NC-SA  ikona licencji

Udział procentowy autorów:

Mariusz Cichomski (Autor) - 100%

Korekty artykułu:

-

Języki publikacji:

Angielski