Between armed conflict and state terrorism - specific individual restrictive measures adopted in Poland in the context of the war in Ukraine and the situation in Belarus. Legal perspective
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RIS BIB ENDNOTEBetween armed conflict and state terrorism - specific individual restrictive measures adopted in Poland in the context of the war in Ukraine and the situation in Belarus. Legal perspective
Data publikacji: 11.03.2024
Terroryzm – studia, analizy, prewencja, 2024, Numer 5 (5), s. 311 - 350
https://doi.org/10.4467/27204383TER.24.011.19399Autorzy
Between armed conflict and state terrorism - specific individual restrictive measures adopted in Poland in the context of the war in Ukraine and the situation in Belarus. Legal perspective
The aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine in 2022 and the actions of Belarus, both at the internal level and in support of Russia, have caused numerous changes in the geopolitical dimension, with consequences reaching beyond the European continent. They also resulted in the adoption of specific legal measures, both at the European Union and national levels, to counteract support for this aggression. The aim of this study is to present national legal solutions regarding restrictive measures against persons and entities that were introduced by the Act on special solutions for counteracting support for aggression against Ukraine and for the protection of national security. The article sets out their relationship to the mechanisms contained in European Union regulations and identifies the need for legal changes to adopt permanent systemic solutions for the application of national restrictive measures.
Kędzierski M.A., Szczególne środki ograniczające i sankcje jako forma przeciwdziałania wobec podmiotów terrorystycznych na tle polskiego ustawodawstwa (część 1) (Eng. Specific restrictive measures and sanctions as a form of counteraction against terrorist entities against the background of Polish legislation (part 1)), “Prokuratura i Prawo” 2021, no. 10, pp. 20–45.
Kędzierski M.A., Szczególne środki ograniczające i sankcje jako forma przeciwdziałania wobec podmiotów terrorystycznych na tle polskiego ustawodawstwa (część 2) (Eng. Specific restrictive measures and sanctions as a form of counteraction against terrorist entities against the background of Polish legislation (Part 2)), “Prokuratura i Prawo” 2021, no. 11, pp. 36–55.
Kobza P., Środki restrykcyjne jako instrument Wspólnej Polityki Zagranicznej i Bezpieczeństwa Unii Europejskiej (Eng. Restrictive measures as an instrument of the European Union’s Common Foreign and Security Policy), “Studia Europejskie” 2006, no. 3, pp. 9–31.
Lewna A., Kiedy wojenny zapał może zaszkodzić. Kilka uwag o przestępstwie z art. 16 ustawy z dnia 13 kwietnia 2022 r. o szczególnych rozwiązaniach w zakresie przeciwdziałania wspieraniu agresji na Ukrainę oraz służących ochronie bezpieczeństwa narodowego (Eng. When war fervour can cause harm. Some comments on the offence of Article 16 of Act of 13 April 2022 on Specific Solutions to Counteracting Support for Aggression against Ukraine and to Protect National Security), “Prokuratura i Prawo” 2023, no.6, pp. 86–101.
Pospieszna P., Sankcje Unii Europejskiej wobec Rosji: proces decyzyjny, trwałość i rola państw członkowskich (Eng. European Union sanctions against Russia: decision- making process, sustainability and the role of Member States), “Rocznik Integracji Europejskiej” 2018, no. 12, pp. 311–321. https://doi.org/10.14746/rie.2018.12.21.
Przeciwdziałanie praniu pieniędzy oraz finansowaniu terroryzmu. Komentarz (Eng. Counteracting money laundering and terrorist financing. Commentary), J. Grynfelder et al. (eds.), Warszawa 2020.
Sułek M., Zachodnie sankcje wobec Rosji – sens i skuteczność (Eng. Western sanctions against Russia - sense and effectiveness), “Rocznik Strategiczny” 2014/2015, vol. 20, pp. 398–410.
Internet sources
Sejm uznał Rosję za państwo wspierające terroryzm (Eng. The parliament recognised Russia as a state supporting terrorism), 14 XII 2022, https://www.sejm.gov.pl/sejm9.nsf/komunikat.xsp?documentId=4774505381CECC10C1258918007022FA [accessed: 25 X 2023].
Legal acts
European Convention on the Suppression of Terrorism, prepared at Strasbourg on 27 January 1977 (Journal of Laws of 1996, no. 117, item 557).
Geneva Conventions for the protection of war victims of 12 August 1949 (Journal of Laws of 1956, item 171).
Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (consolidated version) – (Official Journal of the EU C 202/47 of 7 VI 2016).
Treaty on European Union (consolidated version) – (Official Journal of the EU C 202/13 of 7 VI 2016).
Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court prepared in Rome on 17 July 1998 (Journal of Laws of 2003, no. 78, item 708).
Council Regulation (EU) No 269/2014 of 17 March 2014 concerning restrictive measures in respect of actions undermining or threatening the territorial integrity, sovereignty and independence of Ukraine (Official Journal of the EU L 78/6 of 17 III 2014, as amended).
Council Regulation (EC) No 765/2006 of 18 May 2006 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Belarus and the involvement of Belarus in the Russian aggression against Ukraine (Official Journal of the EU L 134/1 of 20 V 2006, as amended).
Council Regulation (EC) No 2580/2001 of 27 December 2001 on specific restrictive measures directed against certain persons and entities with a view to combating terrorism (Official Journal of the UE L 344/70 of 28 XII 2001).
Commission Opinion of 19 June 2020 on Article 2 of Council Regulation (EU) No 269/2014, Brussels, 19 VI 2020, C (2020) 4117 final.
Act of 5 August 2022 amending the Act on Specific Solutions to Counteracting Support for Aggression against Ukraine and to Protect National Security and the Act on the National Revenue Administration (Journal of Laws of 2022, item 1713).
Act of 13 April 2022 on Specific Solutions to Counteracting Support for Aggression against Ukraine and to Protect National Security (Consolidated text of Journal of Laws of 2023, item 1497 and 1859).
Act of 11 September 2019 - Public Procurement Law (Consolidated text of Journal of Laws of 2023, item 1605, as amended).
Act of 1 March 2018 on counteracting money laundering and terrorist financing (Consolidated text of Journal of Laws of 2023, item 1124, as amended).
Act of 16 November 2016 on the National Revenue Administration Act (Consolidated text of Journal of Laws of 2023, item 615, as amended).
Act of 12 December 2013 on foreigners (Consolidated text of Journal of Laws of 2023, item 519, as amended).
Act of 26 April 2007 on crisis management (Consolidated text of Journal of Laws of 2023, item 122).
Act of 30 August 2002 - Law of the Administrative Courts Procedure (Consolidated text of Journal of Laws of 2023, item 1634, as amended).
Act of 29 September 1994 on accounting (Consolidated text of Journal of Laws of 2023, item 120, as amended).
Act of 14 June 1960 Code of Administrative Procedure (Consolidated text of Journal of Laws of 2023, item 775).
Resolution of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland of 14 December 2022 on the recognition of the Russian Federation as a state supporting terrorism (M.P. of 2022, item 1253).
Resolution of the Senate of the Republic of Poland of 26 October 2022 on the recognition of the authorities of the Russian Federation as a terrorist regime (M.P. of 2022, item 1043).
Zákon o omezujících opatřeních proti některým závažným jednáním uplatňovaných v mezinárodních vztazích (sankční zákon), https://www.mzv.cz/jnp/cz/o_ministerstvu/legislativa/pravni_predpisy_v_pusobnosti_mzv/zakon_c_1_2023_sb_o_omezujicich.html [accessed: 27 XI 2023].
Case law
Decision of the Supreme Administrative Court of 9 V 2023, ref. no. III OZ 207/23.
Judgement of the Voivodeship Administrative Court in Warsaw of 4 VII 2023, ref. no. I SA/Wa 2528/22.
Judgement of the Voivodeship Administrative Court in Warsaw of 18 VI 2023, ref. no. I SA/Wa 2541/22.
Judgement of the Voivodeship Administrative Court in Warsaw of 18 V 2023, ref. no. I SA/Wa 2524/22.
Judgement of the Voivodeship Administrative Court in Warsaw of 17 V 2023, ref. no. I SA/Wa 2522/22.
Judgement of the Voivodeship Administrative Court in Warsaw of 2 II 2023, ref. no. I SA/Wa 2527/22.
Informacje: Terroryzm – studia, analizy, prewencja, 2024, Numer 5 (5), s. 311 - 350
Typ artykułu: Oryginalny artykuł naukowy
Tytuły:
Between armed conflict and state terrorism - specific individual restrictive measures adopted in Poland in the context of the war in Ukraine and the situation in Belarus. Legal perspective
Between armed conflict and state terrorism - specific individual restrictive measures adopted in Poland in the context of the war in Ukraine and the situation in Belarus. Legal perspective
Publikacja: 11.03.2024
Status artykułu: Otwarte
Licencja: CC-BY-NC-SA
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Angielski