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From analytic to synthetic – origin of some early Japanese volitive expressions

Data publikacji: 23.06.2014

Studia Etymologica Cracoviensia, 2014, Volume 19, Issue 3, s. 143 - 160

https://doi.org/10.4467/20843836SE.14.008.1651

Autorzy

Tomasz Majtczak
Instytut Orientalistyki, Uniwersytet Jagielloński (Kraków, Polska)
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Tytuły

From analytic to synthetic – origin of some early Japanese volitive expressions

Abstrakt

At many stages of its development the Japanese language has shown a marked tendency to replace analytic constructions with synthetic forms. In the article this phenomenon is presented and investigated by taking the example of some volitive expressions, among other things the Old Japanese construction -(a)maku posi-, which evolved into the Classical Japanese suffix -(a)mafosi-, as well as the Classical Japanese suffix -(a)mau-, whose origin, however, is to be associated with analogical formation rather than phonetic reduction. All phases of the development of these expressions are here copiously illustrated with textual examples.

Bibliografia

All examples are quoted precisely as they appear in the editions listed below. The exact location is indicated in the following manner: «Title: chapter or book (: poem) #(volume and) page in the edition used» (page number is missing if the examples are quoted after a CD-ROM edition). The morphological analysis employed follows the model laid out in the present author’s “Japanese verbal classes …” (Majtczak 2008, 31–36, 112–113). It must be borne in mind that the sounds put in angle brackets 〈 〉 underwent reduction due to morphophonological processes (they are not to be read!). In the Old Japanese examples small capitals point to the portions written semantically (by means of logograms), and not phonetically. 
 
 
Benesse KJ = Benesse zen’yaku kogo jiten [‘Benesse dictionary of older Japanese, provided with complete translation’]. Edited by Nakamura Yukihiro 中村幸弘; first edition, seventh impression. Tōkyō 1999 (1996): Benesse Kōporēshon,n 1376 pp.
Ikeda, Tadashi. 1980 (1975). Classical Japanese grammar illustrated with texts; first edition, second printing. Tokyo: The Tōhō Gakkai, viii + 356 pp.
Ise monogatari [‘Tales of Ise’]. Edited by Ōtsu Yūichi 大津有一; forty-seventh impression. Tōkyō 1999 (1964): Iwanami shoten, 117 pp. (Iwanami bunko, yellow, 8:1.)
Izumi Shikibu nikki [‘The diary of Izumi Shikibu’]. Edited by Shimizu Fumio 清水文雄; revised edition, fifty-second impression. Tōkyō 1994 (1941): Iwanami shoten, 139 pp. (Iwanami bunko, yellow, 17:1.) 
Japanese text initiative. Electronic Text Center, University of Virginia Library; East Asian Library, University of Pittsburgh [http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/japanese/].
JJS = (Kotengo, gendaigo) Joshi jodōshi shōsetsu [‘Detailed explanation of suffixes and postpositions (of Classical and Modern Japanese)’]. Edited by Matsumura Akira 松村明; seventh edition. Tōkyō 1995 (1969): Gakutōsha, 720 pp.
JKD-J = Jidaibetsu kokugo daijiten. Jōdai hen [‘Great dictionary of the Japanese language divided into periods. Old Japanese’]. Edited by Omodaka Hisataka 澤瀉久孝 et alii; thirteenth impression. Tōkyō 2000 (1967): Sanseidō, lviii + 904 + 190 pp.
Kagerō nikki [‘The gossamer years’]. Edited by Imanishi Yūichirō 今西祐一郎; third impression. Tōkyō 2002 (1996): Iwanami shoten, 335 + vii pp. (Iwanami bunko, yellow, 14:1.)
Kokin waka shū [‘Collection of ancient and modern Japanese poems’]. Edited by Saeki Umetomo 佐伯梅友; thirty-ninth impression. Tōkyō 2002 (1981): Iwanami shoten, 311 pp. (Iwanami bunko, yellow, 12:1.)
Mabuchi Kazuo 馬淵和夫. 1968. Jōdai no kotoba [‘The ancient language’]. Tōkyō: Shibundō, [iv] + 269 pp. (Nihon bumpō shinsho.)
Majtczak, Tomasz. 2008. Japońskie klasy czasownikowe w perspektywie diachronicznej [‘Japanese verbal classes in a diachronic perspective’, with an extensive English summary]; first edition. Kraków: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, 147 pp. (Literatura, język i kultura Japonii, [6].)
––––. 2009. The disappearance of the verbal noun in -((u)r)aku in the history of Japanese (from “Man’yōshū” to “Genji monogatari”). – Studia Linguistica Universitatis Iagellonicae Cracoviensis 126.81–96.
Man’yōshū [‘Collection of ten thousand leaves’]. Edited by Takagi Ichinosuke 高木市之助, Gomi Tomohide 五味智英, Ōno Susumu 大野晋. Tōkyō: Iwanami shoten. Volume I, second impression, 1957, lxiv + 375 pp.; Volume II, first impression, 1959, 479 pp.; Volume III, first impression, 1960, 481 pp.; Volume IV, first impression, 1962, 507 pp. (Nihon koten bungaku taikei, 4–7.)
Man’yōshū CD-ROM ban [‘«Collection of ten thousand leaves», CD-ROM edition’]. Edited by Kinoshita Masatoshi 木下正俊; first edition, first impression. Tōkyō 2001: Hanawa shobō.
Nijūichidai shū [‘The collections of twenty-one eras’], xylographic version published in the fourth year of the Shōhō 正保 era [i.e., ad 1647], CD-ROM. Edited by Nakamura Yasuo 中村康夫, Tachikawa Yoshihiko 立川美彦, Sugita Mayuko 杉田まゆ子. Tōkyō 1999: Iwanami shoten. (Kokubungaku kenkyū shiryōkan dēta-bēsu, Koten korekushon.)
Saeki Umetomo 佐伯梅友. 1976 (1950). Nara jidai no kokugo [‘Japanese language of the Nara period’]; seventh edition. Tōkyō: Sanseidō, vi + 205 + ix pp.
Syromiatnikov, N. A. 1981 (1972). The Ancient Japanese language (Древнеяпонский язык). Translated from the Russian by Y. N. Filippov. Moscow: “Nauka” Publishing House, 148 pp. (Languages of Asia and Africa.)
Syromjatnikov 2002 = Николай Александрович Сыромятников. 2002 (1983). Классический японский язык; издание второе. Москва: Восточная литература РАН, 152 с. (Языки народов Азии и Африки.)
Taketori monogatari [‘The tale of the bamboo cutter’]. Edited by Sakakura Atsuyoshi 阪倉篤義; eighth impression. Tōkyō 1977 (1970): Iwanami shoten, 95 pp. (Iwanami bunko, yellow, 7:1.)
Vocabvlario da lingoa de Iapam com a declaração em Portugues, feito por algvns padres, e irmaõs da Companhia de Iesv [‘Vocabulary of the language of Japan with the explanation in Portuguese, composed by some fathers and brethren of the Society of Jesus’]. Nangaſaqui 1603–1604: Collegio de Iapamda Companhia de Iesvs, [iii] + 402 folios. – Facsimile: (Evora-bon) Nippo jisho [‘Japanese-Portuguese dictionary (copy of the Biblioteca Pública de Évora)’]. Edited by Ōtsuka Mitsunobu 大塚光信. Ōsaka 1998: Seibundō, [iv] + vi + 831 pp.
Vovin, Alexander. 2003. A reference grammar of Classical Japanese prose. London – New York: RoutledgeCurzon, xix + 476 pp.
Yamada Yoshio 山田孝雄. 1968 (1952/1913). Heian-chō bumpōshi [‘History of the Japanese grammar of the Heian period’]; fifth impression. Tōkyō: Hōbunkan, xiv + 587 + xxviii + xv pp.
––––. 1990 (1954/1913). Nara-chō bumpōshi [‘History of the Japanese grammar of the Nara period’]; sixth impression. Tōkyō: Hōbunkan, xvi + 632 + xix pp.

Informacje

Informacje: Studia Etymologica Cracoviensia, 2014, Volume 19, Issue 3, s. 143 - 160

Typ artykułu: Oryginalny artykuł naukowy

Tytuły:

Polski:

From analytic to synthetic – origin of some early Japanese volitive expressions

Angielski:

From analytic to synthetic – origin of some early Japanese volitive expressions

Autorzy

Instytut Orientalistyki, Uniwersytet Jagielloński (Kraków, Polska)

Publikacja: 23.06.2014

Status artykułu: Otwarte __T_UNLOCK

Licencja: Żadna

Udział procentowy autorów:

Tomasz Majtczak (Autor) - 100%

Korekty artykułu:

-

Języki publikacji:

Angielski