Katarzyna Plebańczyk

Activities of Culture Animators during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Reflections of People Implementing Projects on the Internet

The paper deals with the topic of culture organisation/coordination during the COVID-19 pandemic. The proposed perspective is related to the recognition of the activities of cultural animators and presents the individual experiences of people involved in project implementation. The text presents the results of an empirical study based on interviews with culture animators. The topics discussed include: ways of adapting to the situation, challenges and barriers to implementing projects on-line, forecasting the use of new tools and acquired skills in the future, building a physical and mental work space, acquiring new competences, personal reflections about oneself, and, finally, relationships with recipients and in work environments.

The subject taken in the article is the analysis of innovation in the culture. This leads to the broad description of the development of EU policy in this context. Later in this article the author analyzes both the disadvantages and advantages of existing approaches – in relation to culture as artistic activities and management in this sector.

Kronika Katedry Zarządzania Kulturą Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

CULTURE OBSERVATORY – IDEAS, POSSIBILITIES
The subject of the article focuses on the field of culture observatory in the context of culture management (very fashionable approach in last few years).
The author describes many years of experience in this field in different countries and organizations, among others, her own experiences in ENCATC Working Group: Cultural Observatories and Cultural Information and Knowledge. She also tries to analyze the Polish experiences and presents her own refl ections on the topic.

The image of Gypsies in Polish collections of iconographic materials (19th century – first half of the 20th century) – reconnaissance

At least since the Middle Ages the people of Europe have shared their space with the nomadic Gypsy people. Its long, often troublesome neighborhood resulted in the formation of two parallel, though different, stereotypical images of the Roma in European culture. In one of them one, they are portrayed negatively, as the personification of all the pejorative and demonic qualities. Two words describing Roma Stereotypes in this language context are as follows: dangerous vagrants, thieves, criminals, living without any moral rules.
Under the influence of romantic ideas in European culture a different picture of the Gypsies began to take shape. According to this ideal, they were considered to be free people, living itinerant lives and in harmony with nature, free from hard work, colorful, cheerful, independent and artistic.
In this paper we would like to present how the ideas existing in the nineteenth-and twentieth century culture reflected in the iconography of Roma. On the basis of Polish collections we will show the most important themes and motifs associated with the iconography and mythology of this minority. At the same time, we will try to show to what extent the European images coincided with the real culture and tradition of the Gypsies. In the analysis we will use both engravings, woodcuts, paintings, graphics press and photographs found in public collections in Tarnow, Sejny or Krakow, as well as in various private collections.

Towards research on management in culture

The author of the article analyzes the problem of culture management in Poland in the context of research. Studies dealing with this topic lead to but very few conclusions in Poland. They are associated generally with public culture and almost totally disregard other forms of cultural activity.
The author considers the advantages and disadvantages of the statistical approach to culture. He stresses that in Poland there is no consistent methodology associated with the collection and processing of statistical data. The author presents various forms of research funding in this area such as for example Culture Observatory NCK. Take the subject approach to research among the people creating a culture – too strong an attachment to statistics, a lack of interestt the level of the administrative, lack of financial resources. The most tangible effects are: poor contact between creators and consumers of culture, lack of strategy development, low competitiveness of public institutions.

„Jaka jest struktura infrastruktury informacyjnej w dziedzinie polityki kulturalnej? Jak prowadzi się rozmaite działania badawcze, takie jak gromadzenie i analiza danych (…), opracowywanie informacji, dokumentacja, katalogowanie i archiwizowanie, rozpowszechnianie i komunikacja?”. Książka J. Marka Schustera powstała jako raport z badań przeprowadzonych w 2000 roku przez autora na zlecenie The Pew Charitable Trust. Miały one na celu analizę istniejących systemów, modeli informacyjnych o kulturze i próbę wskazania, czy któryś z nich mógłby być adaptowany (w części lub całości) na rynku amerykańskim