TY - JOUR
TI - How is Consciousness (rnam shes) Related to Wisdom (ye shes)? The Eighth Karma pa on Buddhist Differentiation and Unity Models of Reality
AU - Higgins, David
TI - How is Consciousness (rnam shes) Related to Wisdom (ye shes)? The Eighth Karma pa on Buddhist Differentiation and Unity Models of Reality
AB - 
	This study examines how Mi bskyod rdo rje (1507‒1554), the Eighth Karma pa of the Karma Bka’ brgyud lineage, articulates and defends a key distinction between consciousness (rnam shes) and wisdom (ye shes). The first paper focuses on the author’s clarification of the distinction both as an accurate account of the nature and structure of human consciousness and as an indispensable principle of Buddhist soteriology. Arguing that human beings have two “concurrent but nonconvergent” modes of awareness, conditioned and unconditioned, Mi bskyod rdo rje urges the practitioner to discern amidst the adventitious flux of dichotomic thoughts an innate nondual mode of awareness that is regarded as the ground and goal of the Buddhist path. That the recognition of their difference is the key to realizing their underlying unity is central to the Karma pa’s response to the perennial Buddhist problem of reconciling two divergent Buddhist models of reality: [1] a differentiation model based on robust distinctions between conventional and ultimate truths or realities (saṃvṛtisatya versus paramārthasatya) and their associated modes of cognition and [2] an identification (yuganaddha) model of the two realities (satyadvaya : bden gnyis) which emphasizes their underlying unity. This article concludes with an annotated translation and critical edition of a short text by the Karma pa on the subject entitled “Two minds in one person? A Reply to the Queries of Bla ma Khams pa” (bla ma khams pa’i dris lan mi gcig sems gnyis).
VL - 2015
IS - Tom 48, Numer 4
PY - 2016
SN - 0137-2432
C1 - 2084-4077
SP - 341
EP - 362
DO - 10.4467/20844077SR.15.026.4868
UR - https://ejournals.eu/czasopismo/studia-religiologica/artykul/how-is-consciousness-rnam-shes-related-to-wisdom-ye-shes-the-eighth-karma-pa-on-buddhist-differentiation-and-unity-models-of-reality
KW - Tibetan Buddhism
KW - Bka’ brgyud
KW - Kagyu
KW - Mi bskyod rdo rje
KW - consciousness
KW - wisdom
KW - jñāna
KW - mind
KW - Buddhist philosophy of mind
KW - Buddhist models of reality
KW - two truths
KW - ultimate truth
KW - contextualism ; buddyzm tybetański
KW - świadomość
KW - mądrość
KW - umysł
KW - buddyjska filozofia umysłu
KW - buddyjski model rzeczywistości
KW - dwie prawdy
KW - prawda ostateczna
KW - kontekstualizm