%0 Journal Article
%T Was the Constitution of 3 May 1791 a Source of Inspiration for 19th Century Polish Constitutional Drafts? The Problem of Using Polish Constitutional Heritage in the Congress Kingdom of Poland in 1815 and 1831
%A Gałędek, Michał
%J Krakowskie Studia z Historii  Państwa i Prawa
%V Tom 16 (2023)
%R 10.4467/20844131KS.23.035.18857
%N Tom 16, Zeszyt specjalny
%P 49-63
%K Constitution of 3 May, legal heritage, Constitution of (Congress) Kingdom of Poland, November Uprising (1830–1831)
%@ 2084-4115
%D 2023
%U https://ejournals.eu/czasopismo/kshpp/artykul/was-the-constitution-of-3-may-1791-a-source-of-inspiration-for-19th-century-polish-constitutional-drafts-the-problem-of-using-polish-constitutional-heritage-in-the-congress-kingdom-of-poland-in-1815-and-1831
%X 
	The article focuses on the problem of using legal heritage based on the example of the Constitution of 3 May 1791. This issue is considered in relation to two selected moments in the history of the Congress Kingdom of Poland – 1814/1815 and 1831. What connects them and, at the same time, makes them unique periods in the political and constitutional history of Polish territories under the partitions is the relative freedom the Polish elites had in their right to decide on the constitutional foundations of their own statehood. In 1814/1815, Prince Adam Jerzy Czartoryski was granted the emperor’s consent to prepare a draft which, after corrections, became the basis of the Constitutional Act granted by Alexander I on November 27, 1815. Similarly, in 1831, after the dethronement of Tsar Nicholas I, the insurgent elites were free to embark on an unfettered constitutional debate on the systemic reform of the state. Both in 1814/1815 and in 1831, Polish political and intellectual elites faced a dilemma as to whether the Constitution of 3 May could serve mainly as a monument to and symbol of Polish history, or whether it still had the potential to be directly applied; and if so, then to what extent and under what conditions? The publication is devoted to exploring the answers to these questions.

	* This article is an English translation of the paper published in Polish in Cracow Studies of Constitutional and Legal History in 2022. See: Gałędek, “Czy Konstytucja 3 maja.” The publication was prepared as part of the project “Dispute over the interpretation of the constitution of Kingdom of Poland as a formative element of Polish political liberalism”, financed by the National Science Centre (Narodowe Centrum Nauki) on the basis of agreements no. UMO-2018/29/B/HS5/01165.