TY - JOUR
TI - The Greco-Turkish War of 1919–1922: Causes, Course, Effects
AU - Krzak, Andrzej
TI - The Greco-Turkish War of 1919–1922: Causes, Course, Effects
AB - 
	The Greco-Turkish war, in its strictest sense, was a multifaceted conflict characterized by the varied actions of the combatants. Even though there were not any coalitions comprising military contingents, joint command structures, or coordinated military forces between the Greek, Armenian, and French nationalist factions, one can argue that each theatre of warfare – Armenian, Cilician, and Greek (Anatolian) – operated as a cohesive strategic unit. For many Greeks and Armenians, this conflict represented an extension of their national liberation effort, driven by territorial aspirations, a quest to realize their national vision, and an ambition to humble a longstanding adversary. On the other hand, the inhabitants of Anatolia and the Muslim refugees who had sought sanctuary in the region – individuals who increasingly identified as Turks rather than Ottomans – were motivated by their pursuit of national sovereignty and independence.
VL - 2023
IS - Tom XXXII
PY - 2023
SN - 2451-4993
C1 - 2543-733X
SP - 65
EP - 87
DO - 10.4467/2543733XSSB.23.004.18430
UR - https://ejournals.eu/czasopismo/ssb/artykul/the-greco-turkish-war-of-1919-1922-causes-course-effects
KW - war of independence
KW - Mustafa Kemal Pasha
KW - Ottoman Empire
KW - Kemalist movement
KW - modern Turkey
KW - Asia Minor
KW - Megali Idea
KW - Elefterios Venizelos